Topics / Non-Verbal Reasoning
Non-verbal reasoning: sequences and matrices
NVR tests whether you can spot a rule in shapes and patterns. In sequences a shape changes step by step; in matrices the same rules run across rows and down columns. Name each change out loud — size, rotation, shading, number — then apply it.
What is tested
- One rule changing per step (size, rotation, shading, number of shapes)
- Two rules changing together, or alternating shapes
- 3 × 3 matrices where rules run across rows and down columns
Worked example
Row 1 shows 1, 2, 3 dots. Row 2 shows 2, 3, 4 dots. Row 3 shows 3, 4 and a missing cell. How many dots go in the missing cell?
- Across each row the count goes up by 1: 1, 2, 3 and 2, 3, 4.
- Row 3 starts 3, 4, so the next is 5.
- Check down the columns too: column 3 is 3, 4, 5, going up by 1.
Answer: 5 dots
Exam-day checklist
- Look at ONE property at a time (size, then rotation, then shading, then number).
- Check the rule works across the whole row or sequence, not just one step.
- In matrices, test both rows and columns.
- Eliminate options that break any rule you have found.
Common mistakes
- Spotting one rule and forgetting a second rule is also running.
- Missing that shapes alternate rather than all changing.
- Confusing clockwise and anticlockwise turns.
Try it yourself
1. The arrow points up and turns 90° clockwise each step (first three steps shown). Which way does it point after 3 steps?
Show answer
Left
Up → right → down → left after three 90° clockwise turns.
2. The boxes show 2, 4 and 6 dots. How many dots are in the next box?
Show answer
8
The number goes up by 2 each time.
Practise non-verbal reasoning: sequences and matrices with school-style questions
Create a free account for topic-by-topic practice, timed mocks in your target school's format, and a weekly report on what to focus on next.
More topic guides
11Plus-Help - adaptive 11+ practice and school-specific mock exams for Greater London grammar schools.
Schools · Topics · Stage 2 guide · Privacy · Terms · Create an account
Practice materials are original and independently produced. They are not official school papers and do not guarantee admission. School arrangements can change; parents should check each school’s current admissions information.